Biotechnology of Biofertilizers covers the basic issues in biological nitrogen fixation like physiology, biochemistry and molecular genetics of nitrogen fixation, role of signal molecules and host gene expression in nodulation and nitrogen fixation for a thorough understanding of these processes in symbiotic nitrogen fixing system and the possibilities of extending these agronomically potential and significant processes to non-legumes. The potential benefits from the N2 fixing symbiotic system such as Sesbania rostrata, Azola, and free-living cyanobacteria to rice crop and associative symbiotic N2 fixer Azospirillum rain fed crops have been discussed in detail along with recent developments in biofertilizer technology such as immobilization of cyanobacteria for maximizing ammonia production in rice soil ecosystem and endophytic nitrogen fixation in wheat. The solubilization and mobilization of nutrients by phosphobacteria and VA mucorrhiza and their role as bioinoculants, Acetobacter diazotrophicus as a novel biofertilizer for sugarcane and the cycad – cyanobacterial symbiosis have been clearly elucidated.

An appraisal of biofertilizers in India- N. S. Subba Rao / Biofertilizers for sustainable crop production- S. Kannaiyan / Biofertilizers for sustaining cereal crops production- S. P. Wani and K. K. Lee / Azospirillum biofertilizer for rainfed crops- K. V. B. R. Tilak and Geeta Singh / Biochemistry of nitrogen fixation and assimilation- B. Thayumanavan and K. Parvathy / Host gene expression in nodulation and nitrogen fixation- S. Sadasivam and S. Krishnaveni / Physiology, biochemistry and molecular genetics of legume symbiosis- F. J. Bergersen / Nitrogen fixation in Parasponia- S. Sujatha Lilly and S. Kannaiyan / Production of Rhizobium biofertilizer- Nantakorn Boonkerd and Paul Singleton / Biofertilizers for grain legumes- G. P. Brahmaprakash and S. V. Hedge / Role of plant flavonoids as signal molecules to Rhizobium- S. Sundaravarathan and S. Kannaiyan / Nitrogen fixation by tree legumes- D. L. N. Rao / Stem nodulating bacteria in legumes- Darrell E. Fleischman / Nitrogen fixing potential of stem nodulating Sesbania rostrata for rice production- S. Kannaiyan / Influence of Azolla and Sesbania application on changes in microbial population and enzymes in rice soil- S. Sundaravarathan and S. Kannaiyan / Green Manure potential of rice- M. Becker, et al / Endophytic nitrogen fixation in wheat- B. Benvit Singh and S. Kannaiyan / A Profile on algal biofertilizer- S. K. Goyal / Nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria and its potential applications- S. Boussiba / Ecology of nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria (Blue green algae) in rice fields- N. Anand / Azolla as biofertilizer in Africa- A challenge for the future- Francisco Carrapico, et al / Ammonia Production by immobilized cyanobacteria for rice crop- S. Kannaiyan / Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal biofertilizer for tropical forest plants- D. J. Bagyaraj, et al / Vesicular arbuscular Mycorrhiza as bioinoculant- Geeta Singh and K. V. B. R. Tilak / Microbial mobilization of phosphorus for higher crop production in arid soils- A. V. Rao and J. C. Tarafdar / Acetobacter diazotrophicus- a new and potential endophytic nitrogen fixing bacterium associated with sugarcane- M. Thangaraju and P. Jayakumar / The cycad-cyanobacterial Synbiosis- S. Sujatha Lilly and S. Kannaiyan / Ammonia production in rice paddies using immobilized cyanobacteria- D. O. Hall, et al.

Students, Reaserchers in the field of Microbiology and Biotechnology